Tuesday, June 16, 2020

Particles (は/の/へ/を/で/が/に/ね/よ/もう/と/も)

Particle  "WA" note if isusulat (ha)
-is (English)
-ay(Tagalog)
-ginagamit kung sino ang subject

Tatoeba (example)

Tanaka San (wa) shinsetsu (desu)
Mr. Tanaka (is) kind
Si tanaka (ay) mabait

Note 
さん/ san///
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.; -san|makes words more polite 

Desu - ginagamit sa dulong sentence (polite) 

Particle (NO)
-use to connect 2 nouns
-of (English)
-ni or ng (Tagalog)

Tatoeba (example)

Tanakasan (no) hon desu
Book (of) tanaka
Libro (ni) tanaka

Particle (E) note if isusulat (HE)
-use only in ikimasu, kimasu, kaerimasu, modorimasu

Ikimasu- to go
Kimasu- to come
Kaerimasu- to go home (come home)
Modorimasu- to comeback

Tatoeba (example)

Watashi (wa) Hihon (e) ikimasu
Ako (ay) pupunta (sa) Japan
I will go to Japan

Tanaka san (wa) Uchi (e) kaerimasu 
Si Mr tanaka (ay) uuwi (sa) bahay
Mr tanaka will go home

Sensei (wa) gakkou (e) kimashita
Si teacher (ay) dumating (sa) school
Teacher came to the class

Tango (vocabulary)
Shinsetsu- kind
Hon - book
Nihon-japan

Ikimasu (present polite)will go
Ikimashita (past polite) went
From the word (iku-dictionary form)to go
Note group 1 verb

Kimasu(present polite)will come
Kimashita(past polite)came
From the word (kuru-dictionary form)to come
Note group3 verb

Group 3 verb 
1.) kuru
Kimasu
Kimashita

2.) suru (to do)
Shimasu
Shimasita


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particle "o" note if isusulat (WO)
- use for direct objects


Note sumasagot sa tanong na:

*anong ginawa no
Nani (o) shimashita ka

*anong gagawin mo
Nani (o) shimasu ka

*anong ginagawa mo
Nani (o) shite imasu ka

Tatoeba

Pan (o) tabemashita
I ate bread
Kumain ako ng tinapay

Kaban (o) kaimasu
I will buy book
Bibili ng libro

Hon (o) yonde imasu
I'm reading a book
Nagbabasa ng libro

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Note if on going ang action VERB TE FORM IMASU ang pattern (te imasu)

From masu form to te form
#GROUP1
-note ang group 1ay na hahati sa 3 groups

-una all verb na ang huli ay (i-chi-ri) remove then add  tte(って)

kai(masu) -to buy
Katte - te form
*Katte imasu - buying

Tachi(masu) - to stand
Tatte - te form
*tatte imasu-  standing

Hairi(masu) - to enter
Haitte - te form
*haitte imasu - entering

-pangalawa (mi-bi-ni) remove add "NDE"
Nomi(masu)- to drink
Nonde- te form
*nonde imasu - drinking

Asobi(masu) - to play
Asonde - te form
*Asonde imasu- playing


-pangatlo (ki- remove ADD ite) and (gi- remove ADD ide)

Kiki(masu) - to listen
Kiite - te form
*kiite imasu - listening

Isogi(masu) -to hurry
Isoide - te form

GROUP 2
-ALL verb e line remove masu Then add te

-note my 18 verb na special na belong sa group2 kahit hindi nagtatapos sa e line 

Tabe(masu)
Tabete - te form
Tabete imasu - eating

Mi(masu) - to look
Mite - te form
Mite imasu - watching

Ne(masu) - to sleep
Nete - te form
Nete imasu - sleeping

GROUP3 VERB
ki(masu)-  to come
Kite - te form

Shi(masu) - to do
Shite - te form
Shite imasu - doing

Note may mga noun na pedeng gawing verb if lalagyan ng shimasu
"Tatoeba"(example) 
Benkyou- study
Benkyou shimasu - to study
Benkyou shite - te form
Benkyou shite imasu - studying

-------------------------------Particle (de)
Particle de has a 2 usage 
(Use for place of action)( by or use)
-By/in ( in English)
Gamit ang/ ng (sa tagalog)
-place (de)/ kung saan ginawa o ginanap ang action


Te (de) tabemashita
I ate (by) hand
Kumain (gamit ang) kamay

SM (de) kaban (o) kaimashita
I bought a bag (at) SM
Bumili ng bag (sa) SM

Tango (vocabulary) 
Te - hand
Tabemasu - to eat
Kaimasu - to buy
Kaban - bag

--------------------------------
Note (MASHITA) POLITE PAST 
"From MASU to MASHITA"

Iki(masu) to go
Ikimashita - went

Tabe(masu) - to eat
Tabemashita - ate 

Ki(masu)- to come
Kimashita - came

Shi(masu) - to do
Shimashita - did 

Benkyoushi(masu ) - to study
Benkyou shimashita - studied 

--------------------------------
MASEN (PRESENT NEGATIVE) POLITE
-from masu to MASEN

Tabe(masu)- to eat
Tabemasen - negative

Tabemasen ka? 
Would you like to eat?
Hindi ka ba kakain?( Gusto mo bang kumain)
 Note kahit na negative Ang ginamit na verb positive pa Rin Ang meaning 
(Asking/inviting)


Note ang "KA" ginagamit sa dulo ng sentence kapag nagtatanong

Iki(masu) - to go
Ikimasen - will not go

Ikimasen ka
would you like to go?
Hindi ka ba ppupunta?(gusto mo bang magpunta)



-----------------------------
Particle "GA" 
-use for informing /describing 
-particle (は) can replace particle "が"
-ga imasu (have) note living things
-ga arimasu (have non living things)
-use particle "ga" if the verb is intransitive 
-ga is also use but(English) pero (Tagalog)

Tatoeba( example)
Tanakasan (は) nihon (へ) ikimasu
Mr tanaka will go to Japan
Dito sinabi mo lang na pupunta si tanaka sa Japan compare kay (ga)
Tanakasan (ga) nihon (へ) ikimasu
Mr tanaka will go to Japan
Si Mr Tanaka Ang pupunta sa Japan
 (although same sila pero Ang  dating ng sentence ay iniinform mo ang kausap  mo na "pupunta si  tanaka sa Japan) 

Kodomo ga imasu
I have one child
Meron akong anak 

Hon ga arimasu
I have book
Meron akong libro


Mado (wo) akemasu
I will open the window 
Bubuksan ko ang bintana 

Compare to particle (ga)

Mado (ga) akimasu
The door is open
Bukas ang pinto

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Nihongo (の) benkyou (は) muzukashii desu (が)tanoshii desu
*ang pag aaral ng nihongo( ay)mahirap (pero) masaya
Japanese study (is) hard (but) enjoyable 

Note always contrasting but / pero 

Masarap pero mahal
Oishii desu ga takai desu

_________________________________
Particle "Ni" 
- can also use in ikimasu/kimasu/ kaerimasu
-use in time/date/ direction/ location (adverb of time)

--ni imasu
-- ni arimasu
-in the/ on (English) (at)
-NASA/ sa (tagalog)

Tatoeba(example)

Juu ji (ni) nemashita
I slept at 10 o'clock 
10 ako na tulog


Tanaka San (は) uchi (に) imasu
Si tanaka ay (nasa) bahay

Hon (は) isu (ni) arimasu
Ang libro ay (NASA) upuan 

--------------------------------
Particle "ne"
- use at the end of the sentence 
-right (English)
-diba (tagalog)
-kumukuha sya ng pag sang ayon

Ano hito wa shinsetsu desu ne
Ang bait ng taong iyon diba

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Particle (yo)
-use at the end of the sentence 
- use for giving information 
-emphasizing 

Sensei wa kechi desu yo
Si sensei ay kuripot

______________________

'MOU"
mou/already; anymore|soon; shortly|more; further; other; again|interjection used to strengthen expression of an emotion (often exasperation)

Watashi wa (mou) tabemashita 
I already ate
Note always past ang sentence

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Particle "to"
- and(English)
-  at (tagalog)

Watashi wa pan (to) tamago o tabemashita
I ate bread (and) egg
Kumain ako ng tinapay (at) itlog

Watashi wa tanaka san (to) nihon e ikimashita
Me and Tanaka went to japan 
Ngpunta ako sa Japan (ksama si) Tanaka
Ako at si Tanaka ay nagpunta sa japan

------------ 


Particle "MO" 
-also(English)
-din(tagalog)
-note 2 particles allowed if (ni mo; e mo; de mo)
-note particle (は/を/が) revome then replace particle mo

Tatoeba(example)

Nihon  ni mo ikimasu
I will go (also) to japan
Pupunta din ako s Japan

Doyoubi ni mo benkyoushimashita
(Also) on Saturday I will study
Sa sabado (din) ay mag aaral ako

SM (de mo) kaimasu
Bibili (din) ako sa SM

--------
Nihongo "o" benkyoushimasu
Mag aaral ako ng nihongo

Nihongo (mo) benkyoushimasu
Magaaral (din) ako ng hinongo

Watashi (wa) gakusei desu
Ako (ay) studyante

Watashi (mo) gakusei desu
Ako (din) ay studyante 

Tanaka san (ga) kakkoii desu 
Mr tanaka (is) good looking 

Tanakasan (mo) kakkoii desu
Mr tanaka is (also) good looking 

Note particle "wa" can replace (ga) if informing 


Author : Cj

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